UDAN 5.5

The UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam Naagrik) scheme has evolved since its inception in 2016. The latest iteration, UDAN 5.5, launched in February 2025, focuses on improving connectivity to remote and underserved regions in India. This phase aims to establish seaplane and helicopter services across various water bodies, enhancing travel options for citizens in hilly and island areas.

Overview of UDAN Scheme

• The UDAN scheme is a government initiative designed to boost regional air connectivity.
• It aims to make air travel affordable and accessible to the general population.
• Since its launch, the scheme has facilitated over 1.5 crore passengers and operationalised 619 routes, including helicopter services.

Features of UDAN 5.5

UDAN 5.5 introduces seaplane and helicopter routes connecting around 80 water bodies, including ponds and dams. Operators can bid for routes using small aircraft with seating capacities of fewer than 20 passengers. This phase includes around 400 helipads to support helicopter operations.

Operator Participation

The scheme encourages participation from various operators, including those with small aircraft in categories 1A and 1. The bidding process allows operators to select routes and receive viability gap funding (VGF) for underserved areas.

Regional Interest and Impact

Several states, including Maharashtra and Gujarat, have shown interest in enhancing connectivity through seaplanes. The scheme is expected to stimulate tourism and economic development in remote regions.

Global Context of Seaplane Services

Globally, seaplanes are commonly used in island and tourist destinations, such as the Maldives. These services are crucial for connecting isolated areas. The introduction of seaplane services in India could mirror these successful models, tapping into the country’s vast water resources.

Future Prospects

Industry estimates predict the creation of over 50 seaplane routes and the development of approximately 20-25 aerodromes within the next five years. The demand for seaplanes is anticipated to grow, with an expected need for around 30 aircraft.

Historical Context

Seaplane services have been part of India’s aviation history. Notably, Prime Minister Narendra Modi previously flew a seaplane during a promotional event. However, such services were discontinued due to commercial challenges and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Critically analyse the impact of the UDAN scheme on regional air connectivity in India.
2. Estimate the potential economic benefits of introducing seaplane services in remote areas of India.
3. What are the advantages and challenges of using seaplanes for connectivity? Provide suitable examples.
4. Point out the significance of helicopter services in enhancing transportation networks in hilly and island regions.

Answer Hints:

1. Critically analyse the impact of the UDAN scheme on regional air connectivity in India.

1. UDAN has operationalized 619 routes, increasing air travel options.
2. It has facilitated travel for over 1.5 crore passengers, promoting accessibility.
3. Airports in India have doubled from 74 to over 157, enhancing regional connectivity.
4. The scheme supports underserved areas, providing viability gap funding to operators.
5. UDAN has stimulated tourism and economic development in remote regions.

2. Estimate the potential economic benefits of introducing seaplane services in remote areas of India.

1. Seaplane services can boost tourism in remote islands and hilly areas, driving local economies.
2. They provide faster connectivity, reducing travel time and costs for residents and tourists.
3. Increased connectivity can lead to job creation in tourism and hospitality sectors.
4. Seaplanes can facilitate trade and transport of goods to isolated regions.
5. The introduction of such services can attract investment in infrastructure and services.

3. What are the advantages and challenges of using seaplanes for connectivity? Provide suitable examples.

1. Advantages include access to remote areas, reduced travel time, and scenic travel experiences.
2. Seaplanes can operate on shorter runways and water bodies, increasing route options.
3. Challenges include high operational costs, limited capacity, and weather dependency.
4. Examples include successful seaplane services in the Maldives, enhancing tourism.
5. India previously had seaplane services, denoting potential but also commercial challenges.

4. Point out the significance of helicopter services in enhancing transportation networks in hilly and island regions.

1. Helicopter services provide crucial access to remote and hard-to-reach areas.
2. They facilitate medical emergencies and disaster relief operations effectively.
3. Helicopters can serve as a vital link for tourism, enhancing travel options.
4. They support infrastructure development by connecting isolated communities.
5. Examples include helicopter services in mountainous regions like Himachal Pradesh.