Recently, a significant dialogue was arranged by the United Nations’ Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) concerning ‘Multilateralism after Covid-19: What kind of UN do we need at the 75th Anniversary?’. This meeting saw India’s Prime Minister shedding light upon the country’s ongoing fight against the Covid-19 pandemic. He emphasized the importance of multilateralism in achieving global peace and prosperity. He also hinted at India’s ambition for a permanent seat in the UN Security Council.
This dialogue assumes further significance as the UN commemorates its 75th anniversary on October 24th, 2020.
Covid-19 and India: A Snapshot
India has recently hit the 1 million mark in terms of Covid-19 cases, ranking third worldwide. In terms of recoveries, India again holds the third position with approximately 644,000 recoveries following USA and Brazil. However, India’s recovery rate of 63% puts it at the 42nd rank globally.
India’s Fight Against Covid-19
In the fight against Covid-19, India has rendered assistance to more than 150 countries encompassing materials and services. Nations like Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Nepal have been the beneficiaries.
India has also established a SAARC Covid-19 Emergency Fund and PM Cares Fund to deal with emergencies related to the pandemic. Furthermore, India launched Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan, offering various economic stimulus packages towards self-reliance.
Understanding Multilateralism
Multilateralism signifies the organization of relations among groups comprising three or more states. It’s associated with post World War II and is characterized by principles that shape the nature of the institution. These principles include indivisibility of interests among participants and a system of dispute settlement.
Role of ECOSOC in Global Governance
ECOSOC is the primary body responsible for coordination, policy review, dialogue and recommendations on economic, societal and environmental issues. It comprises 54 members elected by the General Assembly for overlapping three-year terms. It also structures its work around an annual theme of global importance to sustainable development and coordinates the work of multiple UN agencies.
Need for Reforms in the Multilateral System
India has urged UN members to pledge for reform within the world body, asserting that the multilateral system needs to be more representative. The current pandemic provides the context for its rebirth and reform. As Covid-19 continues to spread, and geopolitical tensions rise, it becomes the responsibility of the UN and world leaders to address the people’s anxieties, fears, and hopes.