The Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary (WWS) finds its home nestled amidst the lush landscapes of Kerala, functioning as a critical segment of the internationally recognized Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Established in 1973, this sanctuary played a significant role in marking India’s first entry into the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves in 2012. With a sprawling total area of 344.44 sq km, WWS is strategically located adjacent to the tiger reserves of Nagerhole and Bandipur in Karnataka, and Mudumalai in Tamil Nadu.
Biodiversity within the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve houses a plethora of other noteworthy wildlife parks alongside the Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary. These include the Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Bandipur National Park, Nagarhole National Park, Mukurthi National Park, and Silent Valley. Each of these sanctuaries plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecological diversity and environmental balance within the reserve.
Geographical Features and Forest Types
The Kabini river, a tributary of the Cauvery river, gracefully meanders through the Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, adding to its captivating natural beauty. The variety of forest types within the sanctuary is another highlight. These range from South Indian Moist Deciduous forests and West coast semi-evergreen forests to plantations of teak, eucalyptus, and Grewelia. These diversified land features contribute uniquely to the rich biodiversity within the sanctuary.
Mammalian Inhabitants of Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary
Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary is a haven for a large variety of mammals. Its extensive list of inhabitants includes elephants, gaur, tigers, panthers, sambar, spotted deer, barking deer, wild boar, and sloth bear. Moreover, the sanctuary is also home to several species of primates like the Nilgiri langur, bonnet macaque, and common langur.
Other Wildlife in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary
The sanctuary is a hotspot for more wildlife than just mammals. It houses creatures like the wild dog, common otter, and Malabar giant squirrel. The vast expanse of the sanctuary and its diverse ecosystems make it an ideal habitat for these animals to thrive.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary stands as a testament to India’s commitment to preserving its rich biodiversity and natural heritage. Its inclusion in the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves further underlines its global significance in maintaining a balanced ecology. Whether it’s the diverse flora or the wide array of wild inhabitants, WWS has much to offer for nature enthusiasts. It serves as a living testament to the beauty and complexity of India’s diverse ecosystems.
