Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library is a historical institution located in Patna, Bihar, known for its rich collection of rare manuscripts and books. Established in 1891 by Khan Bahadur Maulvi Khuda Bakhsh, the library has grown to become an important repository of South Asian literary heritage. Recognized for its significance, the Central Government passed a law in 1969 declaring it a center of national importance. Today, the library operates as an autonomous organization under the Union Ministry of Culture and has earned a place in UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register on heritage. With the possibility of new infrastructure developments, part of the library’s property might be subject to change, pending approval from the Bihar government.
Foundation and Historical Significance
The inception of the Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library dates back to the late 19th century when its founder, Khan Bahadur Maulvi Khuda Bakhsh, decided to open a public library. His vision was to create a space that would preserve and provide access to the vast intellectual and cultural resources of South Asia. The library began with a modest collection of manuscripts and books from Khuda Bakhsh’s personal collection. Over the years, it has acquired many rare and valuable texts that reflect the rich history and traditions of the region.
Recognition as a Centre of National Importance
In recognition of its unique and extensive collection, the Indian Central Government took a significant step in 1969 by passing legislation that acknowledged the Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library as a centre of national importance. This recognition not only highlighted the library’s value to the nation’s cultural heritage but also ensured its preservation and development through government support.
Status as an Autonomous Organisation
As an autonomous organisation under the Union Ministry of Culture, the library enjoys a level of independence in its operations while still receiving guidance and funding from the government. This status allows the library to function with the flexibility needed to manage its collections, conduct research, and engage with both scholars and the general public.
Inclusion in UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register
UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register aims to preserve and promote documentary heritage of global significance. The inclusion of Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library in this register underscores its international importance as a custodian of knowledge and culture. It is a testament to the library’s dedication to maintaining its vast collection of manuscripts, some of which are centuries old and invaluable to the understanding of human history and development.
Threat from Infrastructure Development
Despite its esteemed status and protection, the Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library faces challenges from modern development pressures. A proposed infrastructure project threatens to encroach upon part of the library’s property. The project’s specifics remain under consideration, and its approval lies with the Bihar government. Preservationists and library advocates are closely monitoring the situation, hoping to find a solution that safeguards the library’s integrity while accommodating the region’s development needs.
The Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library remains a beacon of knowledge and a symbol of India’s commitment to preserving its cultural heritage. Its role in the academic and cultural landscape of South Asia continues to be as relevant today as it was over a century ago when Maulvi Khuda Bakhsh first opened its doors to the public.
Last Modified: February 18, 2024