The Amrabad Tiger Reserve, nestled in the Nallamala hills of Telangana, holds the title of being India’s second-largest tiger reserve. The reserve hosts among its expanse a significant presence of the Chenchu tribe and boasts an incredible biodiversity, harbouring an extensive range of species. From mammals to birds, reptiles, insects, and plant life, the reserve provides vital support for the survival and nourishing of these myriad life forms.
Overview of the Amrabad Tiger Reserve
The Amrabad Tiger Reserve is renowned for being the second-largest tiger reserve in India. This formidable standing comes next only to the Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve, which spans across Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Setting it apart from other reserves is not just its size but the rich tapestry of life that calls it home.
The reserve’s biodiversity is impressive, with approximately 70 different species of mammals found within its boundaries. But the diversity doesn’t stop at mammals. Over 300 varieties of birds have been identified in the reserve, along with 60 species of reptiles. In the smaller scale of life, thousands of insects also inhabit the reserve, reflected in the ecology’s intricate balance.
Complementing this rich animal life is the flora within the reserve, composed of more than 600 different plant species. These plants provide the primary support and nourishment needed for the survival of the reserve’s numerous inhabitants.
The Chenchu Tribe of the Amrabad Tiger Reserve
Living amongst this vast array of biodiversity is the Chenchu tribe. Recognised as a Scheduled Tribe in India, the Chenchus have a strong presence in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Odisha. However, many of them chose to reside in the dense Nallamala forest of Andhra Pradesh, part of which constitutes the Amrabad Tiger Reserve.
The Chenchus are an aboriginal tribe, their traditional way of life deeply rooted in hunting and gathering. This dating back to a time when human civilization was primarily reliant on such practices for its sustenance. The Chenchus speak their own unique language, also known as the Chenchu language. This language is part of the Dravidian language family, which consists of approximately 85 languages primarily spoken in southern India, Sri Lanka, and eastern-central India.
The relationship between the Chenchus and non-tribal people has been largely symbiotic throughout history. This relationship is reflective of a deep-rooted understanding and acknowledgement of the balance required not just in nature to thrive but also in human society to coexist peacefully. It serves as a reminder of the need for harmony between different ways of life, each with its own unique attributes and value.