A research team from Kerala has identified two previously unknown antlion species, Nemoleon ghoshi and Nemoleon madayiensis. These antlions belong to the Myrmeleontidae family within the Neuroptera order. Unlike some antlion genera that construct conical pits for predation, Nemoleon larvae live underground in loose soils, avoiding direct sunlight, wind, and rain. They are distinguishable by their distinctive long antennae. This discovery marks the first report of the Nemoleon genus in the Oriental region and adds to the 125th and 126th antlion species documented in India. Antlions are typically found in dry, sandy regions worldwide. The research received financial support from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- Myrmeleontidae: A family of insects in the Neuroptera order that includes antlions, known for their unique pit-building predation strategy.
- Neuroptera: An order of insects that encompasses various species, including antlions, lacewings, and owlflies.
- Predation Strategy: The approach an organism uses to capture and feed on prey, in this case, the construction of pits by antlion larvae.
- Genus: A taxonomic rank that groups closely related species, in this context, Nemoleon refers to a specific group of antlions.
- Oriental Region: A biogeographic region covering Asia, characterized by diverse ecosystems and species.
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR): A prominent scientific research organization in India that provides financial assistance for research projects and studies.