Argentina’s far-right President Javier Milei is contemplating withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. This international treaty aims to combat climate change by reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. Recent discussions arose after Milei’s government requested its negotiators to leave COP29, the ongoing climate summit. This move coincides with global uncertainties, particularly with the United States’ potential withdrawal under President-elect Donald Trump.
What is the Paris Agreement?
The Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015 by nearly every country. Its primary aim is to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. The treaty encourages nations to strive for a 1.5 degrees Celsius limit. Each country must submit a nationally determined contribution (NDC) every five years, showcasing their climate action plans. These contributions should reflect increasing ambition over time.
Withdrawal Process from the Paris Agreement
Article 28 of the Paris Agreement outlines the withdrawal procedure. A country can withdraw three years after the agreement’s entry into force, which was in 2016. Withdrawal requires written notification to the UN Depositary. The withdrawal takes effect one year after notification or at a later specified date. Until then, the country remains a full participant in the agreement.
Reasons Behind Argentina’s Consideration
Argentina’s Foreign Minister, Gerardo Werthein, indicated the government is reassessing its role in the treaty. President Milei, a known climate change sceptic, previously referred to climate change as a socialist lie. While the government acknowledges climate change, it attributes it to natural cycles rather than human activity. This philosophical stance raises questions about their commitment to the treaty.
Potential Impacts of Withdrawal
Argentina’s exit could have important repercussions. Experts warn it may prompt other nations to reconsider their participation, undermining the Paris Agreement’s goals. Argentina is the second-largest economy in South America and a major greenhouse gas emitter. Its withdrawal could diminish its appeal as a trading partner, especially with increasing global climate regulations. However, domestic opposition may hinder Milei’s ability to withdraw without parliamentary approval.
Domestic and International Reactions
There is a mix of support and opposition within Argentina regarding the potential withdrawal. Some believe it may isolate the country economically. Others argue that Milei may face challenges in implementing such a decision due to constitutional obligations and the need for parliamentary consent. The international community is closely monitoring Argentina’s next steps.
Future Considerations
As the situation unfolds, the implications of Argentina’s potential withdrawal will be important. Other countries may look to Argentina’s actions as a precedent. The global fight against climate change relies on collective efforts, making every country’s commitment crucial.
Questions for UPSC:
- Critically examine the implications of Argentina’s potential withdrawal from the Paris Agreement on global climate goals.
- Discuss the significance of the Paris Agreement in the context of international climate change negotiations.
- Explain the role of nationally determined contributions (NDCs) in the Paris Agreement and their impact on climate action.
- What are the challenges faced by governments in balancing economic growth and climate commitments? Provide suitable examples.
