Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar, holds immense religious importance for Muslims worldwide. It marks the beginning of the Islamic New Year and is observed with reverence and devotion. One of the most significant events during Muharram is the observance of Ashura, the 10th day of the month. Ashura holds distinct meanings for both Shia and Sunni Muslims and is celebrated through various customs and practices. In the region of Kashmir, Muharram processions have a profound historical significance, and recent developments have allowed the resumption of these processions after decades of restrictions.
What is Muharram?
Muharram is the first month of the Islamic lunar calendar and is considered one of the four sacred months for Muslims. It is a time of reflection, prayer, and spiritual growth. The term “Muharram” itself means “forbidden,” and as such, Muslims consider it a holy period. While it is not as prominent as Ramadan, it is highly regarded within the Islamic community.
Celebration of Ashura
Ashura, the 10th day of Muharram, holds special significance and is observed differently by Shia and Sunni Muslims.
Shia Muslims commemorate Ashura with solemn processions that honor the martyrdom of Imam Hussain, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, who was tragically killed in the Battle of Karbala in present-day Iraq in 680 AD. The event is deeply mourned by Shia communities all over the world, and the processions are a crucial part of their religious and cultural identity.
On the other hand, Sunni Muslims observe Ashura with celebratory fasting. This day marks the liberation of Prophet Moses and the children of Israel from the tyranny of Pharaoh when they miraculously crossed the Red Sea.
Ashura Celebration in Kashmir
For over three decades, Muharram processions in the Kashmir region faced restrictions due to various political and social reasons. However, recent developments have allowed the resumption of these significant processions, bringing immense joy and unity to the community.
Historically, the Dogra rulers of Jammu and Kashmir imposed restrictions on Muharram processions, and the bans intensified during the onset of militancy in the region. In the 1920s, some individuals, including prominent Sunni merchant Khwaja Saad-ud Din Shawl and Shia jagirdar Aga Sayyid Hussain Jalali, organized defiant processions, linking them to Kashmir’s struggle for freedom against Dogra rule.
During the peak of militancy, the government prohibited the main Muharram procession in Srinagar, further dampening the religious fervor of the local population. However, with the passing of time and changing circumstances, the government granted permission for the Muharram procession, marking a significant milestone in restoring religious freedom and communal harmony.
The Recent Muharram Procession in Srinagar
The recent Muharram procession in Srinagar witnessed thousands of Shia Muslims participating with utmost devotion and respect. This event marks a historic moment as it is the first time in over three decades that the procession was allowed by the government.
The permission for the procession signifies the government’s recognition of the importance of religious freedom and tolerance, which is vital for a diverse and harmonious society. The peaceful conduct of the procession also reflects the unity and resilience of the local community, regardless of their religious affiliations.