The recently released report by the CAG (Comptroller and Auditor General of India) has put a spotlight on the time and cost overruns observed in the DRDO’s (Defence Research and Development Organisation) Mission Mode projects. These projects, taken up on high priority, are characterized by the definite timeframes, specific user requirements, and the availability of proven technologies either within or outside the country at short notice.
Report Findings: Issues with Project Management
The CAG flagged numerous inefficiencies in project management, leading to cost overruns, over-assessment of benefits, and delays in submission of closure reports. Of 178 projects examined, original time schedules couldn’t be adhered to in 119 cases. In 49 instances, the additional time required exceeded 100% of the original timeframe. Despite the projects depending on readily available technology, delays in initiation and sanction were noted.
Decline in Project Success
Further, the report noted a delay in the productionisation of successful projects, defeating their purpose. Even though the Mission Mode projects are associated with high outcome certainty due to the ready availability of technology, there were substantial delays in their initiation and sanction. Moreover, despite being declared successful, one or more key objectives were unachieved in 20 out of 86 projects examined between January 2010 and December 2019.
Problems in DRDO-Service Synergy
The report further highlighted the lack of synergy between DRDO and the Services, leading to differing views on qualitative requirements, deliverables, and trial outcomes, adversely affecting the success rate of Mission Mode Projects.
The Role of the CAG
The CAG, an independent authority under the Indian Constitution, serves as the head of Indian audit & account department and the chief Guardian of the Public purse. This institution ensures the accountability of government and public authorities spending public funds to Parliament and State Legislatures.
About DRDO
The DRDO serves as the Research and Development wing of the Ministry of Defence, with a mission of empowering India with advanced defence technologies. The organization’s pursuit of self-reliance and the successful indigenous development and production of strategic systems and platforms have significantly enhanced India’s military might.
DRDO’s Programmes
Programmes upheld by the DRDO include the Integrated Guided-Missile Development Programme (IGMDP), Mobile Autonomous Robot System (MARS), and the world’s highest terrestrial centre in Ladakh designed for natural cold storage of medicinal plants.
Significance of CAG’s Role in Public Expenditure
Besides ensuring the efficient usage of public funds for intended purposes, the CAG plays a crucial role in exercising exchequer control on behalf of the Parliament. Reports on project or programme execution by ministries are discussed by the Public Accounts Committee and can be used by investigating agencies to press charges against law violators in managing public finances.