Located between Visakhapatnam and Bheemunipatnam in Andhra Pradesh, Erra Matti Dibbalu are dissected and stabilized coastal red sediment mounds. These unique geographical formations have a striking red colour, thanks to the oxidation process.
Formation of Erra Matti Dibbalu
Formed approximately 12,000 years ago due to the interaction between sea and land, these mounds have an interesting composition. They comprise a mixture of sand (40-50%), silt, and clay (another 50%). The distinct red colour of the mounds comes from the process of oxidation.
Significance of Erra Matti Dibbalu
Erra Matti Dibbalu holds considerable geological significance because it presents a glimpse into the geological history of the late Quaternary period. Moreover, they bear the imprints of the fall of sea level and its subsequent rise, as well as the impact of climate, monsoon, and geological processes on the sediments. As anthropologically and archaeologically important sites, Erra Matti Dibbalu possibly contains mesolithic and neolithic cultural materials.
Recognition of Erra Matti Dibbalu
The significance of Erra Matti Dibbalu was recognized when it was declared as a national geo-heritage site in 2014. Furthermore, in 2016, it was recognized as a protected site by the Andhra Pradesh Government. The Geological Survey of India (GSI) declares geo-heritage sites/national geological monuments for protection and maintenance.
Similar Site
While Erra Matti Dibbalu is unique, there is one other similar place in the country with a similar stretch of red sand dunes, the Teri dune complex. It’s located in Tamil Nadu.
Facts About Erra Matti Dibbalu
| Location | Formation | Mixture Composition | Recognition Year | Other Similar Site |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Between Visakhapatnam and Bheemunipatnam, Andhra Pradesh | 12,000 years ago | Sand (40-50%), Silt and Clay (50%) | National Geo-Heritage Site (2014), Protected by Andhra Pradesh Government (2016) | Teri Dune Complex, Tamil Nadu |
About Geological Survey of India
The Geological Survey of India (GSI) was established in 1851, principally to find coal deposits for the Railways. Today, it serves the nation by creating and updating national geo-scientific information and carrying out mineral resource assessments. GSI is headquartered in Kolkata and operates from six regional offices in Lucknow, Jaipur, Nagpur, Hyderabad, Shillong, and Kolkata. Additionally, GSI has State Unit offices in almost all States across the country. Currently, GSI functions as an attached office to the Ministry of Mines.
