In anticipation of the approaching summer and peak fire season, the Tamil Nadu government has taken the initiative to construct ‘fire lines’ or ‘fire breaks’ in the Mukurthi National Park (MNP).
Understanding Fire Lines
A fire line is an artificially created space in a forest or vegetation cover intended to manage the spread of wildfires. By limiting the availability of combustible vegetation, fire lines help control raging wildfires, protecting the surrounding environment from extensive damage.
Implementing Other Control Measures
The Tamil Nadu government is not confining its wildfire management measures to the construction of fire lines. In a strategy known as cool burning, small, localized fires are deliberately kindled, which reduces available vegetation and prevents the potential for larger, uncontrollable blazes. The removal of invasive tree species such as wattle, which can provide fuel for wildfires, is also part of their preventive efforts.
Defining Wildfires
Wildfires is a term used to denote any uncontrolled or unplanned forest fire, including grassland fires, bushfires, brush fires, and any other vegetation fire in rural areas. Wildfires are a global phenomenon with instances recorded in every continent, barring Antarctica.
The Geography of Mukurthi National Park
Situated in the northwestern segment of Tamil Nadu, Mukurthi National Park is nestled amidst the natural beauty of the Western Ghats. It holds the distinction of being part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that also includes Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Bandipur National Park, Nagarhole National Park, Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, and Silent Valley.
Keystone Species of the Park
The primary purpose of establishing the park was to safeguard its keystone species, the Nilgiri Tahr. Over recent years, the population of Nilgiri Tahr in the park has increased by an impressive 27%.
Key Characteristic Features
MNP is known for its distinct montane grasslands and shrublands, interspersed with high-altitude areas blessed with heavy rainfall, near-freezing temperatures, and robust winds. Among its most significant landmarks is the Mukurthi Peak, one of the highest peaks in the Nilgiri Hills.
Local Tribe Residency: The Todas
The park is home to the pastoral tribe of Todas, who reside amid the lush greenery of the Nilgiri Hills. This tribe is known for its deep-rooted traditions and unique customs.
