Human Development Index, 2020

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has released the Human Development Report 2020. The report highlights that, India has been ranked to 131^st position among 189 countries in the Human Development Index from its 130^th position in 2019. This year, India has scored 0.640.

Findings of the report

• The Human Development Report was prepared on the basis of indicators like life expectancy at birth, political participation of women and maternal mortality rate.
• This year, the report was presented under the Theme: Human Development and Anthropocene.
• Norway has been ranked at the first position. It is followed by Ireland and Switzerland. Hong Kong, Iceland and Germany have occupied the 4th, 5th and 6th position respectively.
• China has been ranked at 85th position while Pakistan has been ranked at 154th position.
• The report highlights that the life expectancy at birth in India was 68.8 while the maternal mortality ratio was 174.
• It further highlights that, as of 2017, the share of seats of women in Parliament of India was 11.6%.
• The report states that, India spent 3.8 % of its GDP on education in the year 2012 to 2017. But, the literacy rate in India was lowest to 74%. The literacy rate was lowest among the G20 countries.
• According to the report, the gross enrolment ratio for the pre-primary schooling was 13%, 75% for secondary schooling while 27% for the tertiary schooling.
• Report also highlights that, the labour force participation in the female category was 27.2 percent while for males it was 78.8 percent.

Human Development Report

This report was first launched in the year 1990 by the Indian Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen and Mahboob Ul Haq who was the Pakistani economist.