In recent times, an important telephone conversation transpired between the prime ministers of India and the United States. One of the main focus points of this conversation was agreements on resolving issues pertaining to vaccine supply chains in light of the Covid-19 pandemic. The backdrop of their discussion was the visible problems affecting the supply chain within the US and the resource deficiency in India to combat the pandemic effectively. At a time when India is grappling with an upsurge in Covid-19 cases and deaths, these conversations hold paramount importance. The two countries had previously agreed in 2020 to collaborate on vaccine research and testing for Covid-19.
Key Takeaways from the Conversation
During their bilateral discussion, India put forth its initiative concerning a rules relaxation proposal at the World Trade Organization (WTO) for the agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS). A modification in TRIPS norms will boost quick and affordable access to vaccines and medications in developing nations. Enforcing IP rights as per the 1995 TRIPS agreement could potentially obstruct the supply of affordable vaccines and medicines. India underlined its commitment to the global containment of the Covid-19 pandemic through Vaccine Maitri, along with participation in COVAX and Quad Vaccine Initiatives. Both parties deliberated the Covid-19 scenario in their respective nations, plans for combating the second wave, expedited vaccination efforts, and provision of essential medicines, therapeutics, and health care apparatus.
An Overview of Recent India-US Relations
In 2020, India-US relations were uplifted to a comprehensive global strategic partnership. The countries signed the Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement for Geo-Spatial Cooperation (BECA), thus solidifying all four foundational treaties to strengthen defense ties. This partnership thrives on deepening government dialogues, a combined vision of the Indo-Pacific, regional cooperation, defense and security alliance, and the ability to tackle unforeseen challenges.
India’s Request to US
India emphasized on the necessity to maintain streamlined and open supply chains for raw materials required for vaccine, medicine, and therapeutics production. India listed seven essential items needed urgently: oxygen concentrators, oxygen cylinders, oxygen generators, oxygen generation plants, remdesivir, favipiravir, and tocilizumab.
Steps Taken by the US
The US diverted its pending vaccine filter orders to Indian vaccine manufacturers, thus supporting India in producing more vaccines. It has also identified the sources of specific raw materials needed for the manufacture of the Covishield vaccine, which will be instantly available for India.
Mitigation Efforts from Other Countries
Several other countries have also offered assistance to India. Singapore donated four cryogenic oxygen tanks, the United Kingdom committed to shipping over 600 pieces of crucial medical equipment. Australia pledged to deliver oxygen, ventilators, and personal protective kits while Saudi Arabia is sending 80 metric tonnes of liquid oxygen. Germany is orchestrating a “mission of support” for India, Russia promised to send between 300,000-400,000 units of the Remdesivir injection along with oxygen concentrators, generators, and drugs for treatment. China also expressed readiness to help based on India’s needs.
