The Indian Army took step in modernising its defence capabilities. It signed a contract for the procurement of 223 Automatic Chemical Agent Detection and Alarm (ACADA) systems from L&T Limited. This initiative aims to boost the Army’s ability to detect chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals. The ACADA system is designed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and employs Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) technology.
ACADA System Overview
The ACADA system is a sophisticated device that detects chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals. It operates by sampling air from the environment. This system is crucial for both military operations and disaster relief scenarios. The technology helps in identifying harmful substances quickly, thereby enhancing safety and response times.
Indigenous Development and Procurement
The procurement of ACADA systems is part of the Government of India’s initiative to promote indigenisation. Over 80% of the components and subsystems are sourced locally. This move aligns with the ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat‘ campaign, which encourages self-reliance in defence manufacturing. The contract is valued at ₹80.43 crore, marking investment in domestic capabilities.
Technological Principles
The ACADA system utilises Ion Mobility Spectrometry. This technology allows for the continuous detection of harmful substances. The system has two highly sensitive IMS cells. These cells enable simultaneous monitoring of multiple toxic agents, providing real-time data for effective decision-making.
CBRN Capability Enhancement
Induction of the ACADA system will enhance the Indian Army’s Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) capabilities. It enables the Army to prepare better for potential chemical threats during operations. Additionally, it strengthens the Army’s capacity to respond to industrial accidents in peacetime, ensuring public safety.
Training and Implementation
The Indian Army has established a CBRN training facility at the College of Military Engineering in Pune, Maharashtra. This centre provides specialised training for personnel in handling CBRN threats. The integration of the ACADA system will complement this training, ensuring that soldiers are well-prepared for various scenarios.
Significance of the Initiative
The procurement of ACADA systems represents a vital milestone in India’s defence strategy. It reflects a commitment to enhancing national security through indigenous technology. The initiative also supports the broader goal of self-reliance in defence manufacturing, reducing dependency on foreign suppliers.
Future Implications
With the introduction of the ACADA system, the Indian Army is poised to improve its operational readiness against chemical threats. This advancement not only enhances military capabilities but also contributes to national security. The focus on indigenous production sets a precedent for future defence projects.
Questions for UPSC:
- Critically analyse the role of indigenous technology in enhancing national security in India.
- What are the implications of chemical warfare on modern military strategies? Discuss with examples.
- Estimate the impact of the ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ initiative on India’s defence manufacturing capabilities.
- Point out the significance of CBRN training establishments within the Indian Armed Forces and their role in disaster management.
Answer Hints:
1. Critically analyse the role of indigenous technology in enhancing national security in India.
- Indigenous technology reduces dependency on foreign suppliers, ensuring self-reliance.
- It encourages innovation and development within the country, creating local jobs and expertise.
- Enhances operational readiness with tailored solutions that meet specific national needs.
- Supports strategic autonomy, allowing India to respond swiftly to threats without external constraints.
- Promotes economic growth through investment in local industries and technology sectors.
2. What are the implications of chemical warfare on modern military strategies? Discuss with examples.
- Chemical warfare necessitates advanced detection and protective measures, influencing military procurement strategies.
- Forces must integrate CBRN capabilities into training and operational planning, as seen in NATO’s focus on CBRN readiness.
- It impacts troop deployment and logistics, requiring safe zones and specialized equipment.
- Historical examples include the Gulf War, where chemical threats shaped military engagement tactics.
- Modern strategies must account for asymmetric warfare, where non-state actors may employ chemical agents.
3. Estimate the impact of the ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ initiative on India’s defence manufacturing capabilities.
- Encourages self-sufficiency by promoting local production of defence equipment and technology.
- Enhances competitiveness of domestic firms, leading to innovation and improved quality of products.
- Reduces import bills, allowing for reallocation of funds to R&D and infrastructure development.
- Facilitates skill development and job creation in the defence sector, boosting the economy.
- Strengthens national security through a reliable and resilient supply chain for defence needs.
4. Point out the significance of CBRN training establishments within the Indian Armed Forces and their role in disaster management.
- CBRN training ensures personnel are equipped to handle chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats effectively.
- Establishments provide specialized skills that enhance operational readiness during military engagements.
- They play important role in disaster management by preparing forces to respond to industrial accidents and emergencies.
- Training encourages collaboration with civil authorities, improving overall response strategies for national disasters.
- Strengthens public safety through preparedness and awareness initiatives within the community.
