India’s defense sector is currently undergoing significant reforms, including the establishment of integrated theatre commands. These changes have been implemented following the appointment of the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS). Here we’ll explore the current state of India’s armed forces, recent developments, and what an integrated theatre command actually involves.
Overview of Indian Armed Forces Commands
There are currently 17 commands within the Indian armed forces. The Army and the Air Force each have seven commands, while the Navy has three. Each command is headed by a military officer of 4-star rank. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands house the first Tri-Service theatre command of the Indian Armed Forces, a joint command created in 2001 to enhance the rapid deployment of military assets in the islands, thus bolstering India’s strategic interests in Southeast Asia and the Strait of Malacca. Additionally, the Strategic Forces Command (SFC), another tri-service command, oversees the delivery and operational control of India’s nuclear assets.
Recent Developments in Defense Reforms
The recent appointment of the CDS and the creation of the Department of Military Affairs (DMA) mark pivotal advancements in defense forces integration. The role of the CDS, as suggested by the Kargil Review Committee in 1999, is to function as a single-point military adviser to the government, overseeing and coordinating the workings of the three Services. As the head of DMA, the CDS prioritizes inter-service procurement decisions.
The DMA, under the direction of the CDS, handles exclusively military matters. Previously, these tasks were the responsibility of the Department of Defence (DoD).
Formation of Integrated Theatre Commands
The next step in defense reform is the formation of Integrated Theatre Commands, which will enhance the synergy of the capabilities and combat potential of the three Services during war and peace. Teams led by the Vice Chiefs of the three Services are currently studying and formulating recommendations regarding the formation of integrated commands. The study on creating an air defense command is nearing completion.
Understanding Integrated Theatre Command
An integrated theatre command presents a consolidated command of the Army, Air Force, and Navy under a single commander for areas of strategic and security concern. This commander would be able to utilize all available resources from the three forces seamlessly. The integrated theatre commander’s accountability lies within the theatre command, not the individual Services. This integration will prevent resource duplication, with services being made available across forces. It also fosters better understanding among the forces, enhancing cohesion within the defense establishment.
The recommendation of the Shekatkar committee suggests creating three integrated theatre commands – northern for the China border, western for the Pakistan border, and southern for the maritime role.
