The ever-expanding military cooperation between India and Southeast Asian nations has seen yet another milestone, with an Indian Navy Kilo class conventional submarine, INS Sindhukesari, docking in Jakarta, Indonesia for the first time from February 22 to 24, 2023. Travelling through the Sunda Strait, this marked the maiden docking in Indonesia for an Operational Turnaround (OTR).
INS Sindhukesari: An Introduction
One of the integral parts of the Indian Navy’s fleet, INS Sindhukesari, is a Russian-made Sindhughosh-class submarine. This Kilo class diesel-electric submarine was first commissioned to the Indian Navy in 1989, and underwent a refit in 2018, emerging as a vital component of the naval force. With a displacement of 3,000 tonnes, these submarines are notable for their robust build and significant operational prowess.
A Look at the Indian Navy’s Conventional Submarine Strength
As of now, the Indian Navy boasts a fleet of 16 conventional submarines in active service. This includes 7 Russian Kilo-class submarines, 4 German-origin HDW submarines, and 5 French Scorpene class submarines. INS Sindhukesari is part of the Kilo-class fleet, which made a significant mark when it travelled through the Sunda Strait and docked in Jakarta for the first time.
However, with the Kilos and HDWs showing signs of ageing, a Medium Refit cum Life Certification (MRLC) programme is currently being implemented to extend their operational life. INS Sindhukesari, which was commissioned in February 1989, has already undergone this MRLC at Severodvinsk, Russia, in 2018.
Out of the original 10 Kilo-class submarines procured from Russia, Sindhurakshak suffered a tragic accident, Sindhuvir was transferred to Myanmar, and Sindhudhvaj was decommissioned in July 2020 after serving for 35 years. Meanwhile, another member of the Kilo class fleet, INS Sindhukirti, recently arrived at the Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL) in Visakhapatnam.
Key Features of the Kilo-Class Submarines
The Kilo-class submarines, such as INS Sindhukesari, are known for their exceptional features. With a displacement of 2,300 tonnes, these submarines can reach a maximum diving depth of 300 meters and attain a top speed of 18 knots. Designed for extended operability, they can run solo for up to 45 days with a crew of 53 on board.
INS Astradharini: A Past UPSC Query
In previous UPSC Civil Services Examinations, questions related to Indian Navy’s assets have been asked. One such question from 2016 concerned the ‘INS Astradharini’. The query was: Which one of the following is the best description of ‘INS Astradharini’, that was in the news recently? The options were: (a) Amphibious warfare ship (b) Nuclear-powered submarine (c) Torpedo launch and recovery vessel (d) Nuclear-powered aircraft carrier. The correct answer was (c) Torpedo launch and recovery vessel.
To conclude, understanding the strengths and assets of the Indian Navy, including the various classes of submarines, can prove useful for aspirants preparing for competitive exams and also for those interested in India’s defense capabilities. The recent docking of INS Sindhukesari in Indonesia underlines the growing cooperation between India and other Southeast Asian nations, reinforcing India’s naval strength and strategic influence in the region.