The Indian Railways has recently hit a significant milestone as it accomplished the arch closure of the illustrious Chenab Bridge in Jammu & Kashmir. Featuring some unique design elements, this bridge is not just a testament to human engineering prowess but also signifies a colossal stride in infrastructure development in India.
Understanding the Significance of the Chenab Bridge
The Chenab Bridge is far from an ordinary structure. It proudly stands as the world’s highest railway bridge, forming a key part of the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla rail link project (USBRL). This project was conferred the status of a Project of National Importance back in March 2002.
At an impressive length of 1,315 metres, it towers above all others being 359 metres above the river bed level. The completion of its steel arch is a significant advancement in the construction of the 111 kilometre-long winding stretch from Katra to Banihal. This feat represents one of the most massive civil-engineering challenges tackled by any railway project in India’s recent history.
Unique Features of the Chenab Bridge
The design of the bridge takes into account several critical factors. It is engineered to endure high wind speeds of up to 266 Km per hour, and for the first time in India, it has been designed to withstand blast loads, a consultation undertaken with the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). The bridge is also equipped to bear earthquake forces of the highest intensity zone-V in India.
There are other firsts associated with the bridge too. The Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing machine was employed for weld testing, marking its first usage on the Indian Railways. Likewise, for the first time on the Indian Railways, the National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) accredited lab was established at the site for weld testing. To ensure long-term safety, extensive health monitoring and warning systems are being planned with state-of-the-art instrumentation.
About the Chenab River
Originating from the upper Himalayas in the Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh, the Chenab River is formed by the confluence of two rivers, Chandra and Bhaga, at Tandi. The Bhaga river originates from Surya taal lake, situated west of the Bara-lacha la pass in Himachal Pradesh, while the Chandra river flows from glaciers located east of the same pass.
The Chenab River courses through the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir before making its way into the plains of Punjab, Pakistan, and eventually merging into the Indus River.
Noteworthy Projects and Dams on the Chenab
There are several pivotal projects and dams on the Chenab River. These include the Ratle Hydro Electric Project, Salal Dam, a hydroelectric power project near Reasi, Dul Hasti Hydroelectric Plant, a power project in Kishtwar District, and the Pakal Dul Dam (which is currently under construction on a tributary Marusadar River in Kishtwar District).