India’s position on Palestinian statehood and the Israel-Palestine conflict remains aspect of its foreign policy. As of 2025, over 150 United Nations member states recognise Palestine, including France, the UK, Canada, Portugal and Australia. India was among the first to recognise Palestine in 1988, reflecting its longstanding moral and diplomatic support for Palestinian self-determination.
Historical Context of India’s Support
India’s international stance has been shaped by its own struggle for freedom. Before independence, India condemned apartheid in South Africa and supported Algerian independence. It opposed foreign aggression in Vietnam and intervened in East Pakistan’s crisis in 1971. These actions reflect India’s commitment to anti-colonialism and human rights, principles that guided its early recognition of Palestine.
India’s Diplomatic Balance on Israel-Palestine
India recognised the Palestine Liberation Organisation in 1974 and has supported a two-state solution ensuring peaceful coexistence. It has backed UN resolutions affirming Palestinian rights while maintaining full diplomatic relations with Israel. India has urged negotiated settlements through multilateral platforms like the UN, Non-Aligned Movement and Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, promoting peace and adherence to international law.
Humanitarian and Development Assistance to Palestine
India has provided scholarships, healthcare aid, education support and institutional capacity-building in Gaza and the West Bank. This assistance reflects India’s commitment to Palestinian welfare beyond diplomatic recognition, aiming to improve living conditions amid ongoing conflict and occupation.
Recent Developments and Challenges
Since the October 2023 conflict escalation, India’s voice has been less prominent. The Hamas attacks on Israeli civilians and Israel’s heavy military response led to massive casualties and destruction in Gaza. Over 55,000 Palestinian civilians, including thousands of children, have died. Infrastructure and food supplies have been devastated. India’s muted response contrasts with its historical moral clarity and has drawn criticism for prioritising personal diplomatic ties over national principles.
India’s Foreign Policy and Ethical Considerations
India’s foreign policy is constitutionally anchored in promoting international peace and security. However, recent bilateral agreements with Israel and hosting controversial Israeli officials have raised questions about India’s commitment to its ethical heritage. The Palestine issue tests India’s ability to balance strategic interests with its civilisational values of justice and human dignity.
Significance of Palestine Recognition Globally
Recognition of Palestine by many countries marks a shift from years of inaction. It is a statement affirming justice, self-determination and human rights. Silence or neutrality in the face of prolonged injustice is increasingly seen as complicity. India’s historical leadership role is expected to be revived to uphold these universal values.
India’s Moral Responsibility
India’s past struggles for freedom and justice create a moral obligation to support Palestine’s quest for sovereignty. This support is not about taking sides but about principled leadership consistent with India’s constitutional values and global commitments. India’s role can influence peace prospects and demonstrate its dedication to human rights.
Questions for UPSC:
- Point out the factors that shaped India’s foreign policy principles during the post-independence period and estimate their relevance .
- Critically analyse India’s diplomatic balancing act between Israel and Palestine with suitable examples from recent years.
- Underline the role of multilateral organisations like the United Nations and Non-Aligned Movement in resolving international conflicts, with special reference to the Israel-Palestine dispute.
- What is the significance of humanitarian aid in conflict zones? How does India’s assistance to Palestine reflect its foreign policy objectives?
