India has a long, rich history of remarkable individuals who’ve helped shape its culture, politics and society. One such personality, Pandurang Khankhoje, an agriculturalist and freedom fighter, and Swami Vivekananda, spiritual leader, continue to inspire generations after their time.
Pandurang Khankhoje: The Freedom Fighter and Agriculturalist
Pandurang Khankhoje was born in the late 19th century in Wardha, Maharashtra. An ardent admirer of the French Revolution and American War of Independence, he was greatly inspired by Hindu reformer, Swami Dayanand and his Arya Samaj movement for social change. Before leaving India for further training abroad, he sought guidance from Bal Gangadhar Tilak, another prominent figure in India’s struggle for independence.
Life Abroad and Revolutionary Undertakings
Khankhoje journeyed abroad to gain knowledge about revolutionary techniques and military strategy. After spending time with nationalists from Japan and China, he enrolled in a college in the US as an agriculture student. Later, he joined Mount Tamalpais Military Academy in California to pursue his originally intended studies.
In the US, Khankhoje got acquainted with Lala Har Dayal, an Indian intellectual at Stanford University. This connection led to the formation of the Ghadar Party, which aimed to initiate a revolutionary fight against the British rule in India.
Khanhoje and Mexico
Khankhoje developed strong connections with Mexican workers during his education at the military academy. The Mexican Revolution of 1910, which led to the overthrow of the dictatorial regime there, greatly inspired him. His life in Mexico was marked with significant contributions to agriculture and he was revered as an agriculture scientist.
Swami Vivekananda: Spreading the Teachings of Vedanta and Yoga
Swami Vivekananda, born as Narendranath Datta in 1863, introduced the world to Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga. He is celebrated annually on his birth anniversary, observed as National Youth Day. His significant teachings include the four pathways of attaining moksha and the emphasis on education for the regeneration of India.
Associated with the mystic ramakrishna Paramhansa, he established Ramakrishna Mission in 1897, an organization known for its works in the fields of education, culture, health, and welfare. In 1899, he established Belur Math, which remains the headquarters of Ramakrishna Math & Ramakrishna Mission. He passed away at this location in 1902.
Ghadar Party: Striving for India’s Freedom
The Ghadar party, formed by immigrant Indians in the U.S in 1913, aimed to liberate India from British rule. With roots connecting Punjabis back in India, the party also included Indians from other parts of the country. The main motive was to wage a nationwide armed struggle against British colonialism in India.
Most members came from peasant backgrounds and migrated to different parts of Asia, and later to North America due to the rise of the lumber industry. They became victims of institutionalised racism but remained inspired to instil egalitarian values from American culture into colonial India’s social framework.
These extraordinary individuals and revolutionary movements played a significant role in shaping India’s journey towards independence. Their dedication and commitment continue to inspire and resonate with modern Indians today.
