Recently, a high-yielding curcuminoid-rich variety of turmeric known as CIM-Pitamber has been introduced to Nabarangpur in Odisha by the Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP). Alongside this, the National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI) has introduced its Keshari variety in the same region.
CIM-Pitamber: An Overview
The CIM-Pitamber is a highly productive variety of turmeric that has been developed by CIMAP. This breed falls under the category of High Yielding Varieties (HYV) of seeds, which are known to produce substantial quantities of crops, particularly wheat and rice. To achieve optimal results from these seeds, they require regular water supply, the correct usage of fertilisers and pesticides.
This specific breed of turmeric has a curcuminoid content that is 12.5% higher than existing varieties. Curcuminoids are powerful substances derived from turmeric that possess anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-aging, and anti-diabetic properties, among many others.
The Benefits of CIM-Pitamber
In addition to its rich medicinal qualities, the CIM-Pitamber can yield up to 50% more produce than existing turmeric varieties. This breed is also considerably tolerant of the leaf blotch disease, a common illness that affects turmeric plants. Its high content of curcuminoids is favoured in markets across Europe and North America, potentially leading to increased export sales.
The NBRI’s Keshari Variety
The Keshari variety of turmeric developed by the NBRI distinguishes itself with its tolerance to frost and low temperatures during winter. It boasts a longer growth period compared to other breeds, reflecting a higher yield of fresh, high-quality rhizomes. Issues such as leaves yellowing or falling off during winter are less common in the Keshari breed, extending its lifespan. The curcuminoid content is around 1.16%, which surpasses other cultivated varieties in North India.
About Turmeric
Turmeric, scientifically named Curcuma longa, belongs to the ginger family, and is renowned for its usage as a condiment, dye, drug, and cosmetic, as well as in religious ceremonies. The bright yellow hue of turmeric comes primarily from curcumin, a phenolic compound.
India stands as the world’s top producer and exporter of turmeric, accounting for 80% of the global yield. Telangana, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu were the leading producers of turmeric in India as of 2018.
Turmeric thrives in diverse tropical conditions, from sea level to altitudes of up to 1500m above sea level. It requires a temperature range of 20-35º C and an annual rainfall of 1500 mm or more, thus being a viable crop under both rainfed and irrigated conditions.
Organizations at the Core of Spice Industry
The Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP) is a cutting-edge plant research laboratory under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, founded in 1959, with its headquarters in Lucknow. It conducts high-quality multidisciplinary research in biological and chemical sciences, providing technology and services to farmers and entrepreneurs involved with medicinal and aromatic plants.
On similar grounds, the National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI) – also based in Lucknow – constitutes one of the constituent research institutes of the CSIR, established in 1953. It performs extensive basic and applied research on plant science, covering aspects like documentation, systematics, conservation, prospection, and genetic improvement.