The National Investigation Agency (NIA) of India has recently brought into custody six individuals who were allegedly involved in illegally trafficking Rohingya Muslims into India. This event, along with the broader issue of the Rohingyas, is a matter of concern for India’s national security.
Who are the Rohingya Muslims?
Rohingya Muslims are considered by the United Nations to be the most persecuted minority in the world. In 2017, they fled from their homes in Myanmar to escape what they claim was an abusive crackdown by the Myanmarese military. Rohingyas have been moving away from Myanmar, a largely Buddhist country, due to discrimination and violence. Their destinations include neighbouring Bangladesh, other countries, and India.
What Issues Does this Pose to India’s Security?
The influx of Rohingya Muslims into India poses various challenges to the country’s national security. First, the illegal immigration of Rohingyas and their continued stay undermines national security. Secondly, this situation affects local populations’ interests, particularly in areas where large numbers of illegal immigrants arrive. Also, it gives rise to political instability as it can be manipulated by political leaders to incite anti-immigrant sentiment among the populace, thereby securing their own political power. Furthermore, persistent attacks on Muslims viewed as illegal migrants contribute to radicalisation and increased militancy.
Other significant issues include human trafficking and illegal smuggling across borders, which have seen a surge in recent times. Lastly, illegal migrants engaging in unlawful activities undermine the rule of law and the integrity of the nation.
The Role of the National Investigation Agency
Established under the National Investigation Agency (NIA) Act 2008, the NIA is a central agency responsible for investigating and prosecuting offences that affect India’s sovereignty, security, and integrity. The agency also handles crimes against atomic and nuclear facilities and the smuggling of high-quality counterfeit Indian currency. The NIA is committed to implementing international treaties, conventions, and United Nations resolutions, with the primary objective of combating terrorism in India.
Path Forward
Despite not being a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol, India is one of the world’s largest recipients of refugees. Therefore, having domestic legislation regarding refugees could deter potentially oppressive regimes from persecuting their populations, thereby reducing mass migrations into India.
Moreover, India can take the lead within the South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) to develop a convention or declaration on refugees. This move would demonstrate accountability and a commitment to addressing this complex issue.
