Recent studies highlight the potential of probiotics in reducing cholesterol levels. Probiotics, live beneficial bacteria and yeasts, may achieve this by aiding cholesterol incorporation into cells and modulating the gut microbiome to enhance cholesterol elimination via feces. A 2018 meta-analysis of 32 studies revealed a 13% reduction in total cholesterol among probiotic users. Probiotics primarily consist of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium bacteria and Saccharomyces boulardii yeast. They contribute to maintaining a balanced microbiome, which is vital for overall health. Probiotics should be isolated from humans, survive digestion, provide proven benefits, be safe for consumption, support digestion, and prevent harmful bacteria from proliferating.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- Microbiome: The collection of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, residing in and on the human body, each person having a unique microbial composition.
- Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium: Common types of beneficial bacteria found in probiotics, known for their potential health benefits.
- Saccharomyces boulardii: A beneficial yeast often present in probiotic supplements, contributing to digestive health.
- Meta-Analysis: A research methodology that combines and analyzes the results of multiple studies on a particular topic to draw more comprehensive conclusions.
- Fermented Foods: Food products that have undergone a fermentation process using probiotic microorganisms, such as yogurt, buttermilk, and kombucha, known for their potential probiotic benefits.