Promotion of Nano Fertilizers

The Government of India has taken steps to promote the use of nano fertilizers, particularly Nano Urea and Nano DAP, among farmers. These initiatives aim to enhance agricultural productivity while ensuring sustainable practices. The promotion includes various educational and practical activities to raise awareness and facilitate the adoption of these innovative fertilizers.

Awareness Campaigns and Educational Initiatives

To increase awareness about nano fertilizers, the government has organised various activities. These include awareness camps, webinars, and street plays (nukkad nataks). Field demonstrations showcase the practical benefits of using nano fertilizers. Kisan Sammelans and films in regional languages further engage farmers. These efforts aim to educate farmers on the efficient and balanced use of fertilizers.

Availability at Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samridhi Kendras

Nano Urea and Nano DAP are readily available at Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samridhi Kendras (PMKSKs). This accessibility ensures that farmers can easily obtain these products. The Department of Fertilizers regularly includes Nano Urea in its monthly supply plan. This structured supply chain supports the consistent availability of nano fertilizers.

National Campaigns and Initiatives

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has launched a National Campaign on Efficient and Balanced Use of Fertilizer. This campaign includes nano fertilizers and aims to promote their benefits across the country. During the Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra (VBSY), which started on 15th November 2023, the importance of nano fertilizers was brought into light.

Innovative Application Techniques

To facilitate the use of nano fertilizers, innovative application methods have been introduced. Spraying Nano Urea through drones has emerged as a cost-effective and efficient technique. Additionally, battery-operated sprayers are distributed at retail points. Pilot training and custom hiring services for spraying are also promoted through Village Level Entrepreneurs.

Collaborations and Campaigns

The Department of Fertilizers (DoF) collaborates with fertilizer companies to promote the adoption of Nano DAP across all 15 agro-climatic zones. This initiative includes consultations and field demonstrations. Furthermore, campaigns for field-level demonstrations and awareness programs for Nano Urea Plus are being conducted in 100 districts.

Subsidy and Production Incentives

Currently, there is no subsidy provision for nano fertilizers from the Department of Fertilizers. However, the DoF encourages companies to establish nano fertilizer production plants. As of now, there are no proposals to include nano fertilizer production under any Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme.

Farmer Interest and Adoption

During the Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra, farmers expressed keen interest in adopting nano fertilizer technology. The combination of awareness, accessibility, and innovative application methods is expected to drive the adoption of these fertilizers in Indian agriculture.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Examine the role of technology in modernising agriculture in India.
2. Discuss the significance of sustainable farming practices in the context of climate change.
3. What are the challenges faced in the adoption of new agricultural technologies? How can they be addressed?
4. Critically discuss the impact of government initiatives on agricultural productivity in India.

Answer Hints:

1. Examine the role of technology in modernising agriculture in India.

1. Technology enhances efficiency in farming through precision agriculture, which optimizes resource use.
2. Innovations like drones for spraying fertilizers and sensors for soil health monitoring improve productivity.
3. Data analytics aids in better decision-making regarding crop management and market trends.
4. Mobile applications provide farmers with real-time information on weather, prices, and best practices.
5. Technological advancements promote sustainable practices by reducing waste and environmental impact.

2. Discuss the significance of sustainable farming practices in the context of climate change.

1. Sustainable farming practices reduce greenhouse gas emissions, helping mitigate climate change effects.
2. They enhance soil health and biodiversity, which are crucial for resilient agricultural systems.
3. Practices like crop rotation and organic farming improve water conservation and reduce dependency on chemical fertilizers.
4. Sustainable agriculture adapts to changing climate conditions, ensuring food security for future generations.
5. These practices can lead to economic benefits for farmers through improved yields and lower input costs.

3. What are the challenges faced in the adoption of new agricultural technologies? How can they be addressed?

1. High initial costs of technology can deter farmers from adoption; subsidies and financial assistance can help.
2. Lack of awareness and training on new technologies can be addressed through education and outreach programs.
3. Infrastructure limitations in rural areas hinder access to technology; improving rural infrastructure is essential.
4. Resistance to change among farmers can be mitigated by showcasing success stories and benefits of technology.
5. Collaboration between government, NGOs, and private sectors can facilitate the dissemination of technology.

4. Critically discuss the impact of government initiatives on agricultural productivity in India.

1. Government initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samridhi Kendras enhance access to fertilizers and resources.
2. Subsidies and support programs improve farmers’ financial conditions, encouraging investment in productivity-enhancing technologies.
3. National campaigns raise awareness about efficient farming practices, leading to better resource management.
4. Field demonstrations and training programs help farmers adopt new techniques, directly impacting yields.
5. However, challenges like bureaucratic delays and unequal distribution of resources can hinder effectiveness.