Subramania Bharati, a revered figure in Tamil literature and Indian history, was not just a poet and writer but also a fervent activist for independence and social reform. His contributions to Tamil poetry were groundbreaking, and his efforts in advocating for women’s rights and societal reforms have left an indelible mark on Indian society. To honor his legacy, the Tamil Nadu government recognizes September 11 as “Mahakavi” day, marking his death anniversary. The year marks a century since his passing, and in remembrance, various commemorative events have been planned, including competitions and the presentation of the “Bharati young poet award.”
Early Life and Literary Contributions
Born on December 11, 1882, in Ettayapuram of the then Madras Presidency, Subramania Bharati showed a proclivity for Tamil language and literature from a young age. He grew up to become a prolific writer, penning poems that not only brimmed with poetic beauty but also ignited a sense of nationalism and freedom among his readers. His literary works include “Svadesa Geethangal,” which emphasized nationalistic fervor, and “Panchali Sapatham,” which highlighted his feminist ideals.
Advocacy for Women’s Emancipation
Among his many progressive stances, Bharati was a staunch advocate for the emancipation of women. He believed that society could only progress when women were given equal rights and opportunities. Through his writings, he encouraged education for women and condemned oppressive practices like child marriage. His vision was for women to stand shoulder to shoulder with men in the fight for independence and the development of the nation.
Reforming Social Practices
Bharati’s desire for change extended beyond the realm of women’s rights. He challenged the prevailing caste system, particularly the orthodoxies of the Brahmin community to which he belonged. His views were considered radical for his time, as he called for the dismantling of caste barriers and promoted unity among all sections of society. His work was instrumental in sparking discussions and paving the way for future social reforms.
Opposition to Child Marriage
A specific social evil that Bharati vehemently opposed was child marriage. He used his poetry and prose to speak against this practice, which was prevalent during his lifetime. By advocating for the education and freedom of young girls, Bharati sought to empower them to make informed decisions about their lives, including marriage.
Mahakavi Day Celebrations
In recognition of Subramania Bharati’s impact on Tamil culture and Indian society, the Tamil Nadu government has dedicated September 11 as “Mahakavi” day. This date was chosen to commemorate his death anniversary and celebrate his life and achievements. As part of the centenary celebrations, the government has organized state-level competitions for school and college students to engage with Bharati’s work and legacy.
Bharati Young Poet Award
An integral part of the centenary commemoration is the “Bharati young poet award.” This prestigious award carries a cash prize of Rs.1 lakh and is presented to young poets who embody the spirit of Bharati’s work. The award aims to inspire the next generation of writers to pursue excellence in poetry and contribute to the rich tapestry of Tamil literature.
Legacy and Impact
The legacy of Subramania Bharati extends far beyond his literary contributions. As a visionary social reformer and independence activist, his thoughts and works continue to resonate with people across generations. The centennial commemoration of his death anniversary serves as a reminder of his enduring influence on Indian society and the ongoing relevance of his call for freedom, equality, and unity.
