The British Foreign Secretary recently declared that India’s politics and Britain’s are interlinked due to the substantial Indian diaspora residing in the United Kingdom. This declaration came up during a discussion about the farmers’ protests with India’s External Affairs Minister. The British Prime Minister has been invited as the chief guest for the 2021 Republic Day celebrations, and the Indian Prime Minister is invited to the G7 summit scheduled for 2021.
The Indian Diaspora: An Overview
The term “Indian diaspora” refers to individuals who have migrated from areas presently within India’s borders. Originating from the Greek word ‘diaspeirein’, meaning ‘dispersion’, ‘diaspora’ currently refers to individuals belonging to a specific nation, sharing a common origin or culture but living outside their homeland.
Historical Background
The establishment of the Indian Diaspora globally can be traced back to the incorporation of the British Empire in India. From the nineteenth century, Indian indentured labor was transported to different parts of the world to serve in British colonies.
The Indian Diaspora in the UK
With about 1.5 million people of Indian origin, according to the 2011 census, the Indian diaspora forms one of the UK’s largest ethnic minority communities, comprising nearly 1.8% of the total population. The Indian diaspora contributes massively to the UK economy, accounting for 6% of the country’s GDP. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in British culture and politics.
Contributions of the Indian Diaspora
The Indian diaspora globally is a substantial one, making India the largest origin country of international migrants, as per the Global Migration Report 2020. It contributes significantly through remittances, investment, campaigning for India, propagating Indian culture, and creating a positive impression of India through their intelligence and hard work.
Impact on the Economic Front
The Indian diaspora, one of the wealthiest minorities in several developed nations, lobbies for favorable terms relating to India’s interests. The migration of less-skilled labor, particularly to West Asia, has helped reduce disguised unemployment in India. Remittances from migrants positively affect India’s balance of payments.
Impact on the Political Front
People of Indian origin hold top political roles in many countries. They are significant members of both American political parties and have played an essential part in key events like the India-U.S. nuclear deal. The Indian diaspora forms a transferable political vote bank and is a part of India’s soft power.
Government Initiatives for the Diaspora
The Indian government carries out various initiatives to engage with the overseas Indian community. These include the celebration of Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) every two years, the UMANG International App to assist Indian international students, NRIs, and tourists, the VAJRA Faculty Scheme to enable NRIs participation in Indian research and development, and the Know India Programme, an orientation programme to promote understanding about India.