Climate change is creating ideal conditions for Vibrio vulnificus, a marine bacterium, to pose a significant threat to coastal populations. This bacterium, known for causing life-threatening infections with a high mortality rate, is particularly dangerous for individuals with weakened immune systems. Researchers believe that cases of Vibrio vulnificus infections in India are likely underreported. The rising frequency of cyclones, heavy rainfall, and flooding due to climate change increases the risk of exposure in coastal communities. As India’s sea surface temperatures become more conducive to Vibrio vulnificus growth, researchers are working on predictive tools based on temperature and phytoplankton levels.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- Vibrio vulnificus: A marine bacterium that can cause severe and potentially fatal infections, especially in individuals with compromised immune systems. It thrives in warm, brackish waters.
- Comorbidities: The presence of one or more additional health conditions or diseases co-occurring with a primary condition. People with comorbidities are at higher risk when infected with Vibrio vulnificus.
- Phytoplankton: Microscopic marine plants that form the base of the ocean food chain. They play a role in the ecosystem and can influence water quality and bacterial growth.
- Predictive Tools: Tools or models developed by researchers to anticipate the abundance and prevalence of Vibrio vulnificus based on factors like sea surface temperature and phytoplankton levels. These tools aid in monitoring and preventive measures.
