The West Bengal government has unveiled its State Education Policy for 2023, which deviates from certain aspects of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. Key highlights include retaining the 5+4+2+2 school pattern, introducing a three-language formula, incorporating Bangla as a subject, and implementing a semester system at the higher secondary level. West Bengal’s decision to develop its own policy is rooted in the desire for autonomy, addressing regional needs, concerns about rural disadvantage, preserving cultural identity, and cautiousness regarding private-sector involvement. The state intends to draw insights from other states’ educational initiatives while prioritizing public-sector participation for equitable access to education.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- 5+4+2+2 Pattern: West Bengal’s school education structure comprising one year of pre-primary, four years of primary, four years of upper primary, two years of secondary, and two years of higher secondary education.
- Three-Language Formula: A policy recommending the use of three languages for students in classes V to VIII, emphasizing the “mother tongue” as the medium of instruction.
- Bangla as a Subject: Introduction of Bangla as a subject in schools using languages other than Bangla as the medium of instruction, excluding it as a first language.
- Semester System: Implementation of a semester-based examination system in higher secondary education (Class XI and XII) to facilitate a smoother transition from school to university.
- Autonomy in Education: West Bengal’s pursuit of independence in shaping its education system according to its unique needs, cultural identity, and socio-economic context, as permitted by India’s Concurrent Subject system.
