In a significant achievement, the Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIO) in Chandigarh has successfully repaired and refurbished periscopes for the Indian Navy’s attack submarines. This marks the first time that periscopes on these submarines have been indigenously restored, highlighting India’s growing capabilities in defense technology.
Understanding Periscopes:
Periscopes are optical instruments used in various applications, including land and sea warfare, submarine navigation, and surveillance operations. They enable observers to see their surroundings while remaining concealed behind armor or submerged underwater. In the context of submarines, periscopes play a crucial role in allowing personnel inside the vessel to have a view of the surface and make informed decisions.
The Construction and Function of Periscopes:
- Periscopes can be constructed using a pair of flat mirrors or prisms enclosed within a rectangular hollow tube. The mirrors are fixed at a 45-degree angle at both ends of the tube, and there are viewing windows at the top and bottom. The functioning of a periscope relies on the principle of reflection.
- When light from an object strikes the top mirror at a 45-degree angle, it reflects off at the same angle, directing the light down the tube to the lower mirror. The lower mirror, also at a 45-degree angle, reflects the light directly into the viewer’s eye. This arrangement ensures that the observer can view objects outside the periscope without exposing themselves.
Complexity of Submarine Periscopes:
While simple periscopes can be constructed using mirrors, those used in submarine applications are more complex. These advanced periscopes often employ prisms instead of mirrors to achieve better image quality and a wider field of view. Additionally, submarine periscopes require longer tubes, typically measuring at least 10 meters, to provide an extended range of visibility.
Indigenous Refurbishment Achievement:
The recent refurbishment of periscopes by the Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIO) is a significant achievement for India’s defense technology sector. The successful repair and refurbishment of periscopes for the Indian Navy’s attack submarines highlight the country’s progress in developing indigenous capabilities and reducing dependency on external sources for critical equipment.
Implications and Benefits:
Indigenously repairing and refurbishing periscopes for attack submarines offers several benefits to the Indian Navy. Firstly, it reduces reliance on foreign suppliers and enhances the country’s self-reliance in defense technology. Additionally, it promotes cost-effectiveness by reducing the need for expensive imports and enabling timely maintenance and repair of vital equipment. Moreover, it strengthens India’s defense infrastructure and enhances the operational readiness of its naval forces.
