The Geological Survey of India (GSI) has earmarked a number of geological sites across Northeast India for the advancement of geo-tourism, adding 12 locations to the list of 32 approved geo-heritage sites within the country.
Understanding Geo-heritage Sites
Geo-heritage refers to significant geological features intrinsically or culturally significant which provide insight into earth’s evolution or history. It is also used for educational purposes. The GSI is responsible for identifying and preserving these geo-heritage sites or national geological monuments. Examples of such sites in India include Marine Gondwana fossil park in Chhattisgarh; Siwalik vertebrate fossil park in Himachal Pradesh; Stromatolite park in Rajasthan; and Tirumala hills in Andhra Pradesh.
About Geo Tourism
Geo-tourism is defined as tourism that sustains or enhances the geographical character of a place, including its environment, culture, aesthetics, heritage, and resident well-being. This initiative encourages community involvement, stimulates the local economy, and promotes respect for local tradition and culture. With its diverse physical attributes, rich cultural heritage, and historic past, India presents traces of various geological processes, making it a treasure trove of fascinating geological features.
Geo-heritage Sites in Northeast India
In Northeast India, notable geo-heritage sites include Majuli, one of the world’s largest river islands, located in the Brahmaputra river in Assam; Sangetsar Tso, known as Madhuri Lake, situated near the Tibetan border in Arunachal Pradesh; and Loktak Lake, the Northeast’s largest freshwater lake located in Manipur. Other interesting sites include Mawmluh Cave and God’s Rock in Meghalaya, Umananda in Assam, and Stromatolite Park in Sikkim.
UNESCO Global Geoparks
These are unified geographical areas where international geological sites and landscapes are managed holistically, promoting protection, education, and sustainable development. Currently, there are 169 UNESCO Global geoparks spread across 44 countries. However, India is yet to establish its own.
About the Geological Survey of India
Established in 1851 with the primary goal of discovering coal deposits for the Railways, the GSI is now an attached office to the Ministry of Mines. Its main functions involve creating and updating national geo-scientific information and assessing mineral resources. The organization has its headquarters in Kolkata.