The recent test firing of a sea-to-sea variant of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile from INS Visakhapatnam has brought this weapon system back into the global spotlight. The BrahMos, a joint venture between India and Russia, was originally developed with a range of 290 km. This advancement represents a significant milestone in the ongoing strategic partnership between the two countries.
Extended Range BrahMos Missile: Key Advancements
The BrahMos missile’s range was initially limited to 290 km due to the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) obligations. However, following India’s induction into the MTCR in 2016, plans were set in motion to extend the missile’s range to 450 km, and later to 600 km.
Overview of the BrahMos Missile
The BrahMos missile is the result of a collaboration between India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the NPOM of Russia. Named after the rivers Brahmaputra and Moskva, the BrahMos operates on a two-stage propulsion system featuring a solid propellant engine in the first stage and a liquid ramjet in the second. This multiplatform missile can be launched from land, air, and sea platforms, functioning accurately in both day and night conditions, regardless of the weather. Operating on a “fire and forget” principle, the BrahMos missile does not require additional guidance post-launch. With a speed of Mach 2.8, it is one of the fastest operational cruise missiles in the world.
About INS Visakhapatnam
INS Visakhapatnam, the stealth guided missile destroyer where the BrahMos was tested, is the first ship of four under Project-15B. Three other vessels under this project include the Mormugao, which is being prepared for harbour trials; the Imphal, currently at an advanced stage of outfitting; and the Surat, which will be launched within this financial year.
Understand The Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
The MTCR is an informal partnership among 35 countries that aims to prevent the proliferation of missile and unmanned aerial vehicle technology capable of carrying a payload exceeding 500 kg for more than 300 km. Members are prohibited from supplying such missile and UAV systems to non-member nations. Founded in April 1987 by the G-7 countries, the MTCR expanded in 1992 to address the threat of missiles that could deliver all types of weapons of mass destruction. As a non-binding treaty, members are expected to follow certain rules and guidelines, but no disciplinary measures can be taken for non-compliance.
With its induction into the MTCR in 2016 as the 35th member, India gained access to high-end missile technology and the opportunity to jointly develop unmanned aerial vehicles with other countries. This has enabled India to procure advanced systems such as the Arrow II theater missile interceptor from Israel and military drones like the Avenger from the USA.
