The vibrant festival of Onam, celebrated during the Malayalam month of Chingam (typically August to September), spans ten days, beginning with ‘Atham’ and culminating in ‘Thiruvonam.’ Rooted in folklore, Onam marks the return of the legendary demon king Mahabali, known for his reign of happiness and equality. It also signifies the harvest of paddy, with gratitude shown to the land for its bounty and the commencement of the Malayalam year, Kolla Varsham. Celebrations include creating intricate flower Rangolis (Pookalam), relishing a grand feast (Onam Sandhya), donning new clothes and exchanging gifts (Onakkodi), and decorating house entrances with rice flour designs. Cultural activities such as traditional games, boat races (Vallamkali), mask dances (Kummattikali), and tiger-themed dances (Pulikali) add to the festive fervor.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- Kolla Varsham: The Malayalam New Year, which begins with the onset of Onam.
- Mask Dance (Kummattikali): A traditional dance form where performers wear masks and costumes, often depicting various characters and animals.
- Pulikali: A unique dance performance where participants dress as tigers and hunters, showcasing elaborate body paint and movements.
- Archery: A sport or activity involving the use of a bow to shoot arrows at a target.