The Prime Minister of India marked the occasion of Global Basava Jayanthi – 2020 that took place digitally on April 26, 2020, by extending greetings to all. The event was an opportunity for followers from India and abroad to honor the birth of Vishwaguru Basaveshwara. Known as a philosopher and social reformer of the 12th century, Basaveshwara offered a distinctive spiritual path to humanity.
Basaveshwara: The Man and His Philosophy
Basaveshwara was born in Bagevadi (part of the undivided Bijapur district in Karnataka) in 1131 AD. Remembered as the founding saint of the Lingayat sect, his spiritual discipline was developed on the principles of Arivu (true knowledge), Achara (right conduct), and Anubhava (divine experience). This unique path brought about a socio-religious revolution in the 12th century alongside influencing the economical landscape. Advocating a holistic approach, his philosophy encompassed Lingangayoga (union with the divine), integrating bhakti (devotion), jnana (knowledge), and kriye (action) harmoniously.
The Era of Kalyana
Under the Kalchuri king Bijjala, who ruled Kalyana between 1157-1167 AD, Basaveshwara’s role gradually evolved from a Karanika (accountant) to the Prime Minister. His stance against societal evils brought unprecedented reforms in traditionalistic society. The establishment of ‘Kalyana Rajya’ (Welfare state) remains one of his notable contributions where he empowered citizens regardless of class, caste, creed or sex.
Anubhava Mantapa: The First Parliament of India
Basaveshwara is also credited with founding Anubhava Mantapa. A space for open dialogue, the forum addressed socio-economic and political issues, religious and spiritual principles in addition to personal problems. It became the first democratic setup in India where citizens gathered and discussed socialistic principles. These debates were documented in the form of Vachanas, an innovative literary form composed in simple Kannada language.
Two Socio-Economic Principles: Kayaka and Dasoha
Basaveshwara introduced two key socio-economic principles – Kayaka (Divine work) and Dasoha (Equal distribution). While Kayaka emphasized the importance of individual choice and sincerity in performing their work, Dasoha focused on equal pay for equal work. The worker was encouraged to use his earnings for his daily life and contribute surplus income to the society’s upliftment.
Recognition of Basaveshwara’s Contributions
Further recognition of Basaveshwara’s lasting contributions came in 2015 when the Prime Minister of India inaugurated a statue of Basaveshwara on the bank of the river Thames at Lambeth, London.