Human Rights Watch has accused Israel of unlawfully using artillery-fired white phosphorus over a residential area in Yohmor, a town in southern Lebanon, on March 3, 2026. The allegation comes amid intensified Israeli strikes across Lebanon, renewed cross-border hostilities with Hezbollah, and growing concern over civilian harm, displacement, and environmental damage.
Allegation of Unlawful Use
Human Rights Watch said it verified and geolocated images showing airburst white phosphorus munitions deployed over homes in Yohmor. The rights group said the attack affected a residential area and triggered fires in at least two homes and one car. It described the incident as a serious violation with severe risks for civilians.
What White Phosphorus Is
White phosphorus is a chemical substance that ignites on contact with oxygen. It is used in warfare to create smokescreens and illuminate battlefields. However, it can also function as an incendiary weapon. Exposure may cause severe burns, respiratory damage, organ failure, and death. Its use in populated areas is widely criticised under international humanitarian law.
Context of the Lebanon Conflict
Israel has continued strikes in Lebanon despite a 2024 ceasefire, targeting Hezbollah positions and sending ground troops into border areas. Lebanese authorities said at least 394 people have been killed in Israeli attacks, while more than half a million people have been displaced. Israel has also urged civilians south of the Litani River to evacuate.
Reactions and Wider Concerns
Human Rights Watch called on Israel to halt the use of white phosphorus in residential areas. It also urged states supplying such munitions to suspend military assistance and arms sales. Lebanese authorities have repeatedly accused Israel of using white phosphorus in border attacks. Earlier, Lebanon also accused Israel of spraying glyphosate near the border, calling it an environmental crime.
Last Modified: April 28, 2026