The Indian bison, or gaur, population in Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary has recorded a strong rise, reaching 848 individuals in the latest census. The count reflects an increase of 189 gaurs in one year and marks the impact of habitat management, reduced human pressure and regular monitoring. The sanctuary, spread over 353 sq km, has become an important site for conservation of the species.
Latest Census Findings
The third gaur census was conducted from 5 to 7 January using a direct count method across 73 census units. Officials recorded 69 herds, with herd sizes ranging from six to 25 animals. The latest figure is up from 788 gaurs in the previous count and 659 in the first census held in November 2024.
Breeding Success and Herd Structure
- Of the 848 gaurs, 235 were juveniles below two years of age.
- Juveniles formed nearly 30% of the population.
- This indicates healthy breeding and stable herd dynamics.
- Officials noted that Debrigarh shows year-round breeding, unlike some other regions where calving is seasonal.
Range-Wise Distribution
- Kamgaon wildlife range recorded 444 gaurs in 31 herds.
- Lakhanpur range recorded 404 gaurs in 38 herds.
- The safari zone, covering 50 sq km, had 98 gaurs in eight herds.
- These animals are often seen by safari and cruise tourists.
Conservation Measures and Monitoring
- The census used 155 personnel daily from 5 am to 5 pm.
- It was supported by 213 permanent inspection points and 103 camera traps.
- Meadows with bamboo brakes have been developed to improve grazing and browsing.
- Grasslands dominated by Heteropogon, Dichanthium, Cynodon and Themeda species support the herd.
- Relocation of nearly 400 families from the sanctuary has allowed natural regeneration and reduced disturbance.