Financing Urbanization

A well-functioning city needs to reap the benefits of agglomeration. To make cities functional, they first need strong local government finances, fiscal health and e>cient markets, and when those basic conditions are in place they need creditworthiness. This means that cities need to look both upstream and downstream of municipal finance, including at rules of the game around finance, revenues and expenditures.

Local Implementation: Local implementation can be supported through area-based approaches including city extensions, urban renewal, city infills and through the development of integrated systems of urban basic services.

UN-Habitat is currently working with other partners to develop the technical frameworks to support the work on monitoring the NUA/SDGs and other urban related indicators contained in other global frameworks. This work includes developing urban tailored monitoring tools for geo-referencing, metadata development, establishing new and strengthening partnership arrangements etc.

Objective and Financial Outlays under the Eight Missions

1. National Solar Mission

• Seeks to deploy 20,000 MW of solar electricity capacity in the country by 2020. The first phase (2010-12) is currently underway during which 1000 MW is planned to be installed.
• Financial outlay allocated for the Twelfth Plan Period is Rs. 8795 crore.

National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency

• Creates new institutional mechanisms to enable the level- Energy Efficiency and Energy Efficiency strengthening of energy efficient markets. Various programmes have been initiated. Including the PAT mechanism to promote efficiency in large industries, and the Super-Efficiency Equipment Programme (SEEP) to accelerate the introduction of deployment of super-efficient appliances.
• The total fund requirement assessed for the Mission for the Twelfth Plan Period is ‘190 crore. Notable progress achieved includes:
• Commencement of the first commitment period of PAT (Perform Achieve and Trade).Expansion of the energy efficiency financing platform through memorandums of understanding (MoU) with public-sector banks.
• Implementation of the Compact Fluorescent Lamp Programme.
• Operationalization of the Partial Risk Guarantee Fund / Venture Capital Fund for Energy Efficiency.

National Mission on Sustainable Habitat

Promotes the introduction of sustainable transport, energy- efficient buildings, Sustainable Habitat and sustainable waste management in cities.

The total fund requirement assessed for the Twelfth Plan Period for implementing the activities for the Mission is Rs. 950 crore, which is to be met from the existing budget of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewable Mission. Notable progress achieved under the mission includes:

NMSH standards developed for six sub-sectors, namely (a) solid waste management, (b) water and sanitation, (c) storm water drainage, (d) urban planning, (e) energy efficiency, and (f) urban transport for integration in developmental activities in the state.

Energy Conservation Building Code 2007 made mandatory for new as well as old buildings and incorporated in the Central Public Works Department (CPWD) general specifications for electrical works in 2013.

Green Building norms made mandatory for the CPWD since 2009 and incorporated in the CPWD Works Manual 2012.

National Water Mission

Promotes the integrated management of water resources and increase of Mission water use efficiency by 20 per cent The total fund requirement assessed for the Mission for the Twelfth Plan Period is Rs. 89,101 crore. Proposals for Rs. 196 crore only have been approved. The status of implementation so far is as follows:

Preparation of state-specific action plans on climate change underway.

A pilot study of basin-wise water done for two basins, viz. Godavari and Brahmani-Baitarani. The studies are being extended to all the basins.

An MoU signed between the Ministry of Water Resources and Asian Development Bank for technical assistance with the objective of undertaking operationally relevant research for identifying and testing integrated flood migration and flood plain management strategies.

National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Eco System

Establishes an observational and monitoring network for the Himalayan Ecosystem environment so as to assess climate impacts on the Himalayan glaciers and promote community-based management of these ecosystems. The total fund requirement assessed for the Mission for the Twelfth Plan Period is Rs. 1,500 crore. Proposals for Rs. 500 crore have been approved.

National Mission for Green India

Seeks to afforest an additional 10 million hectare of forest lands, wastelands and community lands. The total fund requirement assessed for the Mission for the Twelfth Plan Period is Rs. 45,800 crore. An amount of Rs.13,000 crore has been approved for implementation of various activities under the Mission. About 10 states have already submitted their perspective plans to be taken up in 33 landscapes over a working area of around 0.85 lakh ha.

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture

Focuses on enhancing productivity and resilience of agri- culture so as to reduce vulnerability to extremes of weather, long dry spells, flooding, and variable moisture availability.

The total fund requirement assessed for the Mission for the Twelfth Plan Period is Rs. 1,08,000 crore and proposals for Rs. 13,034 crore have so far been approved. Given the availability of funds, 15 deliverables are proposed for implementation under the Mission.

National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change

Identifies challenges arising from climate change, promotes knowledge on Climate Change and diffusion of knowledge the development on responses to these challenges in the areas of health, demography, migration and livelihood of coastal communities. The total fund requirement assessed for the Mission for the Twelfth Plan Period is Rs. 2,500 crore. However, the expenditure to undertake these activities will be met out of the budget allocation of the existing scheme of the Department of Science and Technology.