The PRITHvi VIgyan (PRITHVI) Scheme has recorded major progress in India’s Earth system science, observation networks, modelling capacity and early warning services. The scheme aims to study the atmosphere, ocean, geosphere, cryosphere and biosphere in an integrated manner, while improving forecasts, disaster warnings and scientific understanding of climate and natural hazards.
Core Objectives of PRITHVI
The scheme focuses on long-term observation of Earth system components and on research and development in atmospheric, oceanic, geophysical and cryospheric sciences. It also supports infrastructure creation, skilled manpower development and technology for sustainable use of oceanic resources. A key goal is to convert Earth science knowledge into public services for weather, climate, disaster and environmental management.
Expansion of Observation Networks
The observational base has been widened across land, ocean and polar regions.
- The Doppler Weather Radar network has grown to 47 radars.
- Automatic Weather Stations and Agro-AWS installations have been expanded .
- Ocean monitoring has been strengthened through Argo floats, drifters, tide stations and GNSS receivers.
- Wave-rider buoys, seismic stations and glacier monitoring systems have also been added.
- Coverage has improved in the Himalayas, coastal regions, the Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Rajasthan.
Modelling and Forecasting Advances
India has developed high-resolution forecasting systems under the scheme. These include the Bharat Forecasting System global model, short-range ensemble prediction tools and seasonal monsoon prediction models. New coupled ocean-atmosphere systems, machine learning applications and polar climate models have also been developed. These tools support better understanding of weather extremes, climate variability, sea level changes and polar processes.
Early Warning and Disaster Services
PRITHVI supports operational warnings for tsunamis, high waves, storm surges, oil spills, harmful algal blooms, coral bleaching and small vessel safety. District-level impact-based forecasts are being issued for cyclones, heavy rain, thunderstorms, heatwaves and cold waves. Forecast skill has improved, with better rainfall, cyclone, thunderstorm and heatwave predictions. Seismic services have also advanced, enabling detection of earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 and above and completion of seismic microzonation for 12 cities.
Last Modified: April 27, 2026